top of page

Cassiopeia

A fairly easy constellation to find in the sky close to the North Star, Cassiopeia can be found by looking 5 stars in the shape of a W or M depending on the time of year. The letter appearing to be placed on either side also, if to the left or right of the North Star. The image portrayed of her tends to include an arm raised up to her head, admiring herself in a mirror held by the other hand enhancing her vain image. She is usually found sitting down, much like her husband Cepheus, both King and Queen of ancient Ethiopia (Northern Africa and some parts of the middle east) 

https://chs.harvard.edu/CHS/article/display/6537.1-early-greek-contact-with-africa

Greek/Roman legend 

In mythology, Cassiopeia was the wife of King Cepheus (represented by the neighbouring constellation Cepheus in the sky) of Ethiopia. Once, she boasted that she was more beautiful than the Nereids. The Nereids were the 50 sea nymphs fathered by the Titan Nereus. They were enraged by Cassiopeia’s comments and appealed to Poseidon to punish Cassiopeia for her boastfulness. Poseidon was married to one of the nymphs, Amphitrite.

The sea god obliged and sent Cetus, a sea monster represented by the constellation Cetus (the Whale), located in the same region of the sky, to ravage the coast of Cepheus’ kingdom. Cepheus turned to an oracle for help and the oracle told him that, in order to appease Poseidon, he and Cassiopeia had to sacrifice their daughter Andromeda to the sea monster. Reluctantly, they did so, leaving Andromeda chained to a rock for the monster to find. However, she was saved in the last minute by the Greek hero Perseus, who happened to be passing by, saw Andromeda and rescued her from the monster.

Perseus and Andromeda were later married. At the wedding, one of her former suitors, named Phineus, appeared and claimed that he was the only one who had the right to marry Andromeda.

There was a fight and Perseus, desperately outnumbered, used the head of Medusa, the monster he had recently slain, to defeat his opponents. One look at Medusa’s head turned them all into stone. In the process, however, the king and queen were also killed because they did not look away from the monster’s head in time.

It was Poseidon who placed Cassiopeia and Cepheus in the sky. Cassiopeia, the myth goes, was condemned to circle the celestial pole forever, and spends half the year upside down in the sky as punishment for her vanity. She is usually depicted on her throne, still combing her hair.

https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/cassiopeia-constellation/

Conclusion

I feel it is a very obvious moral attempted to be portrayed through Cassiopeia to not allow the attributes you have been born with to become assets to be proud over. That boasting about oneself for qualities not worked for or achieved is a bad trait to uphold. Keeping this self vanity lesson in the night sky all around probably allowed the civilisation to mature with a very modest outlook on life. Also, the fact that they place this character as a Queen of a nation, humanises her more, possibly revealing to the culture that this should not even be acceptable within the higher classes of society.

At this point, I'm starting to realise that apart from the Ursa Major constellation (the Big Dipper in particular) many of the known and accepted constellations of today do not share many common similarities with other cultures in terms of stars which were connected together to make a particular shape. These ancient greek/roman names for stars/constellationsn carried over through the works of Homer and Ptolemy heavily influence the stories that they hold. It would be interesting to look into the completely different and objectively irrelevant constellations of the Native American/Central American(e.g. Aztec)/Asian cultures. 

bottom of page